The Holocene Archaeology of Southwest Ethiopia: New Insights from the Kafa Archaeological Project |
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Authors: | Elisabeth Anne Hildebrand Steven Andrew Brandt Joséphine Lesur-Gebremariam |
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Institution: | 1.Anthropology Department,Stony Brook University,Stony Brook,USA;2.Anthropology Department,University of Florida,Gainesville,USA;3.Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle,Paris, Cedex 05,France |
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Abstract: | Abstract Southwest Ethiopia’s cool, moist, and steep highlands differ from other African environments, and may have fostered distinct
patterns of Holocene resource use and intensification. Prior to 2004, only a few archaeological projects probed eastern and
northern margins of this region. The Kafa Archaeological Project (2004–2006) excavated ten caves and rockshelters in different
environments in the heart of southwest Ethiopia to obtain a Holocene chronology and compare it with adjacent regions. At Kumali
Rockshelter, middle Holocene deposits show use of a microlithic industry to obtain wild game, and excellent macrobotanical
preservation promises to reveal changes in plant use from 4,700 14C bp to the present. Ceramics and domestic animals appear at Kumali and Koka by ~2,000 14C bp, suggesting herding and pottery making appeared late and contacts with neighboring regions were tenuous. Technologically
conservative people continued microlith production and sporadic rockshelter use into the eighteenth century CE. |
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