论日语请求行为得体性的实现

请求行为普遍而且敏感，它是人类交际中不可避免的社会活动。得体性作为请求行为所必须遵循的礼貌原则，既牵涉到语言自身，又牵涉到许多诸如风俗习惯、价值观念、社会地位、人际关系、环境、地点、时间等社会文化因素。本文通过分析中国学生运用日语表达“请求”这一言语行为时出现的语用失误，探讨中日两种文化在语言语用和社交语用方面存在的差异，旨在找出隐伏在这些失误背后的、易引起误会和冲突的文化因素，并在此基础上，提出对策，以帮助日语学习者自觉改变和调整固有的框框，提高语用能力。

On Achieving Propriety in Making a Request in Japanese

Making a request is a universal but sensitive conduct that is unavoidable in humans' social activities. Here propriety is a principle for politeness that must be observed. It involves both the usage of language itself and many other elements as well, such as customs, social values and status, human relationships, environments, occasions, time and social culture etc. The paper analyses the errors that Chinese students may commit in making requests. The paper also intends to explore the differences existing between the Chinese and Japanese culture in terms of the usage of language and social communications in order to find out the cultural factors hiding behind the errors causing the misunderstanding and conflicts in the communication. Finally, the paper proposes some countermeasures for reference to help the Japanese learners adjust themselves and raise their competence in the usage of the Japanese language.