明清徽州商人的家族观念及其超越

明清时期,徽商是一支较为活跃的商人队伍,他们以儒雅、诚实、守信、以义为利等为全社会树立了新的商人形象.徽州商人发展的内在机制在于:它超越原来在家乡的家族观念,进而立足于乡井观念之上,在外经商时立意树立徽商的正面形象,着意隐匿那些被人们认为不良的形象.在服务家乡方面,他们坚守儒家道德,通过设置家族性的和超越家族的宗族、会社等组织,使徽州社会经受住了社会震荡的考验,既保持了良好的社会秩序,又实现了经济和社会的全面进步.

Clan mode and its surpass on Huizhou merchants during the Ming and Qing period

Huizhou merchants was an active merchants group, they set up a new image (such as scholarly bearing, honest, keeping their words, regarding righteous as interest etc.)in their society. The reason was:they surpass clan mode in their home villages and based their native place mode, they set up their good image and hid their worse image in their commerce activity .When they served for their native place, they stand fast at the Confucian ethics, set up some clan organizations and over-clan organizations such as Hui, She etc. These organizations made Huizhou go through society fierce shock, not only kept good society order but also realized economy and society progress.