明清转边手卷镶接工艺探究——以《明仿米芾行书明道观壁记卷》为例

手卷是最早出现的中国传统装裱形式,在历经从晋至清的千余年发展后,形成了撞边手卷、套边手卷和转边手卷三种经典样式,其中转边手卷又可分为挖嵌式与镶接式两种工艺。流传至今的清代至民国时期的转边手卷大多为更节省绢料的镶接式装裱工艺,但此工艺复杂繁琐、技术难度较大,到了当代,有所式微,面临失传的境地。本研究主要以上海博物馆藏《明仿米芾行书明道观壁记卷》转边手卷的修复重裱为例,叙述对原装裱用料、配色、镶接工艺等的研究,以及原尺寸恢复其原本镶接式转边手卷的过程,旨在为古人优秀传统技艺的研究、保护和传承提供一定的参考。

Research on the jointing techniques for the folded-edge hand scroll in the Ming and Qing Dynasties:taking a Ming hand scroll as an example

The hand scroll is the earliest traditional Chinese mounting form. Developed from the Jin to the Qing Dynasties, it is seen as having three classic styles:butted-edge, wrapped-edge and folded-edge hand scrolls. For the last style, there are two kinds of jointing techniques:jointing of whole silk and assembling of small pieces of silk. For most of the hand scrolls from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China that have been handed down to us, the technique of assembling of small pieces of silk, which saves more silk materials, was adopted. However, this process is complicated and difficult, resulting in its fading away and even the danger of being lost in the contemporary era. Using the restoration and re-mounting of a Ming Dynasty hand scroll in the Shanghai Museum collection as an example, this paper describes research on its original mounting materials, color matching and jointing technique, as well as the process of mounting for this folded-edge hand scroll according to its original size. This work studies, conserves and passes on the excellent traditional skills of our ancestors.