爱国与保身:辛亥革命期间的亲贵捐输

辛亥革命的爆发引起了清廷的财政困窘和社会恐慌,政权岌岌可危。在外债无望的情势下,"爱国公债"成了支撑危局的希望。在推行之初,亲贵们被要求带头捐输,其后则演变为强制捐输。但在战和未定的情势下,除少数亲贵热心捐输外,大多数都意图敷衍了事,这遭到社会各界的激烈批评,亲贵因而声名狼藉。在皇权鼎革之际,亲贵的反应似被放大,事实上隆裕太后以下的亲贵们有相当数量的捐输,并且决定清室国祚的绝非捐输问题。这一现象既折射了彼时各界对亲贵弄权、国事日非的痛恨,又夹杂了袁世凯集团与亲贵的矛盾纠葛,同时亦反映了清廷上层在鼎革之际的现实考量。

Patriotic and Selfish:The Contribution of Nobles during the Revolution of 1911

The burst of revolution of 1911 made Qing dynasty embarrassed in finance and scared in society,therefore the government was in danger.The patriotic public debt became the hope to maintain situation,in the case of foreign debt was hopeless.In the early stage,nobles were asked to take the lead to contribute,which developed compulsory contribution after that.In the case of unknown situation,most nobles wanted to scuffle,except for minority.Which provoked fierce criticism from all circles,and nobles were disreputable.When the power alternated,the response of nobles seems to be enlarged,in fact nobles under Longyu empress contribute a lot of money,and the decisive factor of Qing dynasty’s fate wasn’t the contribution.The phenomenon refracted the hate of all circles to nobles’ corruption,and which included paradox between nobles and Yuan shikai group,whereas which reflected realistic consideration during the revolution.