唐武惠妃墓出土疑似胶结材料的分析研究

为了确定武惠妃墓室内发现的黑色多孔块状物质是否为绘制壁画时使用的胶结材料,联合使用显微镜观察、SEM-EDS、Raman、FTIR和GC-FID多种分析方法对该物质进行了显微结构观察、元素组成及物质组成分析。结果表明,该物质虽已炭化,但内部仍可见一些较新鲜的胶料残留,其成分为动物胶,并在其中发现了少量红色朱砂颜料残留。通过古文献记载和以往研究成果讨论了结果的可靠性。该研究不仅丰富了唐代墓葬壁画绘制技艺的考古学研究,更可为后期文物保护材料和工艺的选择提供借鉴。

Study on the binding media in the wall paintings of the Tomb of Wuhuifei in Shaanxi

In order to determine whether the black porous lump on the wall at the tomb of Wuhuifei was wall painting binding media, we used several analytical methods, including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive Xray (SEMEDX), microRaman spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and gas chromatography (GCFID)to analyze this material. The morphology and material composition of the substrate was determined. We found that the lump has carbonized, but there still remains some fresh binding medium. The binding media turned out to be animal glue. Trace of a red pigment made from cinnabar was also found. The reliability of these results is discussed in comparison with previous research documents and ancient books. This study may enrich the archaeological research on mural painting materials of the Tang Dynasty and provide a scientific basis for future restoration.