田螺山遗址出土古菱角实验室保护方法初探

为探讨余姚田螺山遗址出土古菱角的实验室保护方法,选用PEG 4000法、山梨醇法、乙醇-十八醇法对其进行试验,并以空白样品为参照,分别对不同方法处理后的古菱角样品进行多方面分析,以选取保护效果最佳的处理方法。经过处理的古菱角尺寸干缩率明显下降,基本密度大幅提高,菱壳强度增加,并能保持成分基本不变。切片显微观察表明,加固材料的填充能有效支撑菱壳的细胞壁,使古菱角保持稳定的状态。乙醇-十八醇法通过乙醇置换脱水后在水浴加热的条件下使十八醇渗透菱角进行加固,处理后的样品表面色泽与冻干的空白样品最为接近,且久置后状态稳定,在三种方案中最佳。

Preliminary study on the laboratory conservation of ancient water chestnuts excavated from the Tianluoshan Site, Zhejiang Province

Consolidation and dehydration experiments were conducted on ancient water chestnuts excavated from the Tianluoshan site at Yuyao City. Three different treatments were applied, namely using PEG 4000, sorbitol and octadecanol. The treated samples were compared with nontreated samples and were analyzed to find the best conservation method. After treatment, the rates of shrinkage of the ancient water chestnuts decreased notably, while their density and shell integrity increased. On the other hand, their compositions remained almost unchanged. Microscopic examination of crosssection of treated ancient water chestnuts indicated that consolidants had filled in voids in the water chestnut and helped support the cytoderm, therefore keeping the excavated water chestnuts stable. The samples treated by ethanoloctadecanol (first dehydrated with ethanol and then steeped in octadecanol solution) seemed to be best in terms of color and stability, thus this method was considered to be the best of these three studied.