Wild and domesticated forms of rice (Oryza sp.) in early agriculture at Qingpu, lower Yangtze, China: evidence from phytoliths |
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| Authors: | Freea Itzstein-Davey David Taylor John Dodson Pia Atahan Hongbo Zheng |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Department of Geography and Geosciences, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;2. Applied Geochemistry Group, Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N1N4, Canada;1. Centre for Bio-Archaeology and Ecology (UMR5059, CNRS/Université Montpellier 2/EPHE), Institut de Botanique, 163 rue Broussonet, F-34090 Montpellier, France;2. Paleoenvironments and Chronoecology (PALECO), Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Institut de Botanique, 163 rue Broussonet, F-34090 Montpellier, France;3. UR Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux (CIRAD), Montpellier, France;4. Institut des Sciences de l''Evolution de Montpellier (UMR 5554, CNRS/Université Montpellier 2), F-34095 Montpellier, France;1. Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 - Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam;2. Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany;3. Institute for Global Food Security, Queen''s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK;4. Faculty of Physics, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, 334–Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam |
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| Abstract: | Rice cultivation in parts of the Yangtze valley, eastern China, is thought to date to at least the early Holocene. Using phytolith analysis, sediments from an exposed profile at Qingpu in the lower Yangtze were examined in detail in order to contribute to the growing body of information relating to the history of rice agriculture in the Yangtze delta area. The presence of phytoliths from domesticated rice, Oryza sativa, indicates that rice agriculture was well developed at Qingpu by ca. 2350 BP and may have increased in intensity from ca. 2100 BP. Rice cultivation at Qingpu was comparatively late in relation to other areas in the Yangtze valley, possibly due to the seasonal intrusion of saline waters, while the cultivation of wild rice remained a prominent feature of food production in the area to at least as late as ca. 1800 BP. Results presented here support the existence of a period of overlap, during which both wild and domesticated forms of rice were cultivated, rather than a linear transition from wild to domesticated rice cultivation and the possible influence of environmental factors over farming in an area subjected to frequent flooding. |
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| Keywords: | Early agriculture Environmental change Neolithic Sediments Yangtze |
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