企业网络中技术权力现象研究评述

近年来,网络权力现象逐渐受到学术界的关注,而技术权力则是在更大程度上影响着企业网络的产生、运行机制与创新升级。本文回顾了国内外企业网络中技术权力的研究现状及发展动态,论述了网络权力与企业网络非均衡性、技术权力概念与特征、技术权力对企业网络的影响、高技术企业网络技术权力与创新能力,分析了技术权力研究对发展中国家与地区的理论与实践意义。笔者认为,既有的研究成果忽视了网络内部的不平等技术权力关系,对网络中企业间技术权力关系演变及其对网络升级的影响缺乏专门研究,应重视微观空间尺度上企业网络内的技术权力现象,关注不同层级企业网络中各种权力相互影响和制衡机理与结果。

A REVIEW ON TECHNICAL POWERS IN ENTERPRISE NETWORKS

The phenomenon of network power interests the researchers greatly in recent years, and technical power affect much more on the generation, the operating mechanism and the innovation upgrade of enterprise networks. This paper reviews the status quo and the trend of the studies on technical powers in enterprise networks. The authors point out that the existing researches ignored the imbalanced technology power relations in internal network, and the researches on the evolution of the imbalanced relations and its impact on network upgrade are needed. From the existing relevant theoretical and empirical researches, the technology authority phenomenon in eterprises networks is particularly prominent in developing countries and regions. The results reveal that, firstly, the hierarchic rank of technology in enterprises network largely restricts upgrade of networks. Secondly, the developing countries depend much more on the foreign technology and have limited innovation ability of network upgrade. The research relies on enterprises network theories and technology diffusion theories. But most of the existing researches conducted at home and abroad usually bases on empirical researches, and up to now there has not yet formed a systemic theoretical framework and research method. Also it has not formed its own schools of thought. The authors point out that much more attention should be paid on non-equilibrium phenomenon of technical powers in enterprise networks in micro-scale, and they conclude that the technical power gaps between enterprises of the same fragment in the global value chain play a more significant role in developing countries and regions than that in developed countries and regions. In addition, the authors suggest that various network powers should be taken seriously in analyzing the hierarchy effect which has negative influence on innovation and technology diffusion in hierarchical enterprise network.