历史街区的基本特性及其保护原则

论文首先分析了历史街区的三个基本特性:风貌的完整性和典型性、遗存的真实性和空间的功能性,并据此提出和阐述了历史街区保护应遵循的原则:全面保护原则、真实性保护原则、完善功能保护原则和渐进更新保护原则,以期对历史街区的保护实践有所裨益。

THE TRUE NATURE AND THE PRESERVATION PRINCIPLES FOR THE HISTORIC BLOCKS

Being the key layer of the preservation of urban history and culture,the preservation of the historic blocks is being increasingly paid fervent attention and high regards exactly because the historic blocks have their true nature that differs from the one of the historic buildings and of the historic cities.The paper then puts forward and elaborates four principles and their contents that the preservation of the historic blocks should follow actually.The first is the overall preservation principle.Although the overall preservation does not mean that a historic block must be reserved completely with "no change of the original shape",the overall objects and complete contents of preservation should be guaranteed,and the comprehensive strategies and integrated tactics of preservation should also be stressed.The second is the authentic preservation principle.The whole authenticity of a historic block is the unity of its material form and life contents,and is also a total emergence of lasting development at one time.The third is the improving function preservation principle.Because of the functional characteristic of the historic blocks,the preservation must adapt the changes of the social activities' way and condition.It is the key and premise to decide whether the historic block can be everlasting to exist and develop,or whether the preservation can be successful.The last but not the least is the gradual renewal preservation principle.The formation of a historic block is an organic eco-progress within which the space grew gradually and the culture accumulated continuously.Therefore,the gradual renewal method,which means that renewing by the owners,carrying out in small scale and lasting to push forward,should be advanced progressively,and also a set of law system and operation mechanism which is adapt to the method should be built up.