中国旅游LR-NS-FA空间错位的组合矩阵分析

以"选美中国"、国家旅游局4A-5A级景点和2004-2005年各省区入境客流量和旅游收入的统计资料为依据,采用3个组合矩阵分析了中国旅游景观资源、名牌景点和旅游财务业绩的空间错位。结果发现:景观资源≠名牌景点,我国自然美景主要集中在西部地区,但名牌景点较为贫瘠;相反,东部地区名牌景点众多;名牌景点与旅游财务业绩之间在等级分类表上具有某种正相关性,但也存在空间错位性,华南各省区客源区位优越,旅游财务业绩的市场占有率高于名牌景点丰度;我国景观资源与旅游财务业绩之间的空间错位较为复杂,新疆、西藏等省区景观资源"诅咒"较明显;广东、上海、北京等省区景观资源贫瘠旅游财务业绩高,云南、福建、浙江等省区旅游的发展表现出明显的景观资源优势,宁夏、江西等省区在景观资源和旅游财务业绩上均处于较不利的地位。

A COMBINED MATRIX ANALYSIS ON THE SPATIAL DISLOCATION OF LANDSCAPE RESOURCES,NAMEPLATE SCENERY AND FINANCE ACHIEVEMENT IN CHINA

Landscape resources, nameplate scenery and tourism finance achievement are three interrelated but different concepts. Taking 31 provinces of China as samples, the paper analyzes the spatial dislocation of landscape resources, nameplate scenery and finance achievement in Chinese tourism by using three two-dimensional matrixes according to the statistic data from "beauty pageant China" by "National geography of China" magazine, 4-5A-class attractions from the National Tourism Administration and market share of inbound tourism in 2004-2005. The results show that:1) landscape resources are not closely linked with nameplate tourism products, which could be transformed into nameplate scenery only through appropriate investment and tourism development. Natural beauty mainly concentrates in the western region of China but their nameplate sceneries are barren because of inadequate tourism development; 2) nameplate scenery and tourism finance achievement have positive correlation and spatial dislocation in classified table. Because of superior location, developed economy, adequate investment, new concept of attraction development, and advanced technology as well, the market share of finance achievement is higher than that in the north of China; 3) the spatial dislocation of landscape resources and tourism finance achievement is complex. Landscape resource "curse" is obvious in XinJiang, Tibet etc. some provinces with rich landscape resources, especially in the West, made lower finance achievement, but the phenomenon happens conversely in the east and south China. Tourism development of such provinces as Yunnan, Fujian, and Zhejiang shows evident advantage in landscape resources while some provinces such as Ningxia and Jiangxi are in more disadvantageous position of landscape resources and finance achievement. Finally, some suggestions are put forward according to the different characteristics of 31 provinces. The paper believes that the study is of significance to understand the geographical pattern of tourism development in China.