秦兵马俑表层风化状况的研究

秦始皇陵兵马俑是稀世的化瑰宝，其风化状况评估是秦俑保护的重要依据。为此，用扫描电子显微镜、热分析仪、孔隙率检测仪、X-射线衍射仪、傅立叶红外分析等手段对秦兵马俑样品进行了相关的理化分析，并根据分析结果，对秦俑的风化状况进行了初步评估。实验结果表明，秦俑没有发生大规模的、可觉察的内部风化现象，但表面出现了轻度风化，并有少量陶俑表面发生了明显的酥解现象。研究结果表明陶俑的保护，特别是表层防风化问题应当作为秦俑保护的重要研究内容。

Study on the weathering of the Emperor Qin's Terracotta

In order to evaluate the preservation status of Terracotta Army of Qin Shihuang, the Emperor who firstly unified China, SEM,XRD, FTIR and DTATGA were used for weathering studies of the Terracotta Army. By SEM the microstructure differences between interior and surface of Terracotta samples were studied. And using XRD, the mineral differences between the samples' outer part and inner part were quantified. The results of FTIR analysis showed the samples' outcome by weathering and the damage of surface. DTATGA spectrum of the specimen also indicated little damage of exterior. By using porosimeter, weathering damage is determined harder in surface than in interior part. All the analysis data show the outer part of the Terracotta Army has reasonable possibilities of damage and the surface of Terracotta Army of Qin Shihuang need further conservation.