国际物流企业进入中国的路径及空间网络

以国际物流企业为研究对象,考察国际物流企业在中国的进入路径与空间网络构筑规律。首先,划分了国际物流企业进入中国的发展阶段,分析了其结构特征和进入扩张模式,探讨了国际物流企业进入与中国物流政策与市场门槛的关系;然后,重点考察了国际物流企业的中国网络结构,包括网络单元类型分异与功能分异,深入分析了其区位选择,重点包括企业总部和网络单元的区位选择法则与空间规律。最后,以敦豪速递为案例,分析了20世纪80年代以来在中国的网络拓展过程与区位选择的规律。本文有助于进一步考察外资在中国的网络建设与市场拓展规律。

ENTRANCE OF INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS FIRMS INTO MAINLAND CHINA AND ITS SPATIAL NETWORK

With the open of logistics industry in Mainland China, many international or multi-national logistics firms began to enter into Mainland China and construct their logistics network, which has a significant effect on logistics market in Mainland China. In this paper, we probed the entrance path of international logistics firm into Mainland China and regularities of spatial networks. Firstly, the dynamic and static positional information of head offices or controlling corporation, regional head offices or operating corporation, branch offices, representative offices were obtained from Chinese website of international logistics enterprises from 2005 to 2013. Secondly, we described the entrance process of international logistics firms and divided developing phases into three different stages:the initial phase in 1984-1994, the steady development phase in 1995-2004 and the rapid development phase since 2005. The key policies, market scale, important events and major driving factors of different stages were discussed in detail. The expansion mode were divided into agency agreement or alliance cooperation, joint venture, sole proprietorship, merger & acquisition, the relationship between the international logistics firms and logistics policies, market threshold were discussed. Thirdly, based on sample analysis, the category differentiation and functional differentiation were divided in detail, we revealed the structure of logistics network of international logistics firms in Mainland China.Finally, we choose DHL as the case to further study expansion process and locational choose since 1980s.