中国历史园林遗产时空演变特征及其影响因素

借助核密度分析、标准差椭圆和重心坐标探讨了历史园林遗产重心演化的轨迹与路径,梳理各类型历史园林时空分布,考察了影响其空间演化轨迹的重要因素。结果表明:我国历史园林遗产现状空间分布较为广泛,但空间集聚度高,分布不均衡,在园林类型上表现更为明显,与我国历史园林发展的脉络高度一致,与政治中心和经济中心迁移一致;不同类型的历史园林有着不同空间演变路径,皇家园林主要受朝代更迭与政令举措的影响,私家园林主要受经济发展与文化兴衰的影响,寺观园林主要受宗教政策与传教线路的影响。

SPATIO-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPACTING FACTORS OF HISTORIC GARDENS IN CHINA

Through the empirical analysis on the dynamic evolution process of spatial distribution of historical garden heritages, the spatial trajectory of various historical gardens can be identified clearly and the important factors and driving mechanism influencing this trajectory can be excavated to some extent. In theory, this paper illuminates soundly the spatial and temporal pattern evolvement of historical gardens and its influence factors, and describes the shift route and spatial-temporal differentiation of the gravity center and standard deviation ellipse of history garden from spatial dimension. The distribution of historical garden heritages in our country is widespread as well as highly clustered and uneven, especially in the aspect of garden type, which is highly consistent with the development of history garden in our country. Therefore, it is reasonable and feasible to study the time-temporal pattern evolvement and driving mechanism of history garden from the angle of the national cultural relics protection units. The results show:1) that the spatial movement of the gravity center of history garden keeps consistent with the change of the political center and economic center generally; 2) overall, the x and y axis' standard deviations of the standard deviation ellipse increase in different extent, mainly as a result of the impact of the territory area and cultural states in each dynasty; 3) there are disparate spatial and temporal distribution characteristics among royal gardens, private gardens and temple gardens.