江西省县域经济差异特征及其成因分析

县域经济作为我国国民经济的基本单元,是构造地带经济、经济区、省区、城市等区域经济的基础。我国当前社会经济运行中的主要矛盾如城乡二元结构、区域差异扩大、"三农"问题都集中反映在县域尺度上。因此,对县域经济差异进行剖析,揭示差异形成的机理,对县域经济发展有重要意义。2000年以来,江西省县域绝对差异呈持续扩大趋势,相对差异呈相对稳定趋势,总体差异呈扩大趋势;县域经济在空间上表现为经济发达型、较发达型县市主要分布在中部地区、交通干线和长江沿线地区;欠发达型和不发达型县市呈不规则的环状分布于经济发达、较发达型县市的外围地区;从整体上来看,江西省各县市的发展水平呈现北高南低的分布格局;从县市数量上看,呈现出城市规模"金字塔"结构等特征。

ANALYSIS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COUNTY ECONOMIC DISPARITIES AND ITS CAUSES IN JIANGXI PROVINCE

Based on the economic development data from 2000 to 2009 of 80 counties in Jiangxi province,this article probes the temporal characteristics of county economic in Jiangxi province by standard deviation and coefficient of variation,discusses the spatial pattern of county economic and the process of the divergence change by the principal component analysis and ARCGIS technology.The results show: 1)Since 2000,the absolute disparities of county level in Jiangxi province has constantly enlarged and the relative disparity has shown stable trend,because of the titled and unbalanced economic development strategy which was implemented by Jiangxi in recent years.At the same time,the overall economic difference expanded slowly from 2000 to 2004,but expanded quickly from 2004 to 2009.2)Through the comprehensive scores of counties,we can conclude there is an obvious economic difference in Jiangxi.Besides,through the pictures which show the spatial difference of county’s economic development level of Jiangxi province in 2000 and 2009,we can find that spatial distribution of county-level economy have the following features: the well-developed counties are grouped in the middle areas of Jiangxi province,along main lines of transportation and the Yangtze River;the undeveloped counties are around the well-developed counties,presenting an irregular ring;in view of the overall situation,the economic development level of counties in Jiangxi province is higher in the southern part than that in the northern part of Jiangxi province;from the aspect of the number of each level counties,we can get a number pyramid structure.Finally this paper analyzes the possible factors which affect the distribution pattern of county economic in Jiangxi province from five aspects,namely,the differences of natural environment,geographic location,regional development strategies,the labor force quality and the central city’s scale and comprehensive competitiveness.