1952～1954年湖北省农村私人借贷的历史考察

私人借贷在全国解放前一直是农村金融体系的重要组成部分.解放以后,从1952～1954年湖北省的调查材料来看,由于经济落后、家庭经济弱小、缺乏完善的社会保障和现代金融体系等原因,农村的私人借贷虽受到抑制但仍有一定的发展,与解放以前相比,这一时期的私人借贷形式较为简化,利率较低,功能上也以互助互济为主.国家银行业务在农村的延伸和农村信用社等现代金融组织的发展在一定程度上压缩了私人借贷的空间,但并不能完全替代私人借贷.

A Historical Investigation of Private Financing in Rural Hubei, 1952-1954

Before the founding of New China private financing always made up an important part of the financial system in the countryside throughout China. Even after the founding of New China, as sown by the data from the surveys in the period from 1952 to 1954, the rural private financing, though under control, still further developed to some extent due to economic backwardness, weak household economy, imperfect social security and lack of modern financial system. By comparison, the private financing in this period had simpler forms and lower interest rate than before the founding of New China and operated mainly for mutual help and assistance. The expansion of state banking operation into the rural areas and the development of modern financial organizations like rural credit cooperatives reduced, in a degree, the roorn for private financing, but did not eliminate it altogether.