清代河南书院的地域分布特征

清代是河南书院发展史上一个重要的时期，伴随着书院的官学化，清代河南书院实现了自己的普及化，先后设置的292所书院已遍布省内各个州县。与明代相比，开封府仍然是书院分布最为集中的地区，其他府州的书院发展则出现了不同程度的变化，完全打破了原有的斜十字状的分布格局，呈现出带状的分布特征。通过对书院数目、分布密度等要素的比较研究，各府州书院发展水平的差异可基本划定，黄河两岸诸府——开封府，河南府、怀庆府、卫辉府等成为清代河南书院较为发达的地区。

The District Distribution of Henan Shuyuan in Qing Dynasty

Qing Dynasty is an important period in history on Shuyuan of Henan province.With its running by the government,Shuyuan of Henan finished its univeralization.The district distribution of the whole province' Shuyuan emerged in belt style.It changed utterly its oblique cross style in Ming Dynasty.Kaifeng was still a concentrated area.By synthesizing many indexes,the developing level of every state may be designated:Kaifeng,Henan,Huaiqing and Weihui states were developed areas in Qing Dynasty.About three factors played vital roles in the Shuyuan's development of these states.