同治、光绪年间广东首县的日常公务——从南海知县日记所见

本文引用的主要资料是同治、光绪年间曾任南海知县的杜凤治的日记。杜凤治除了执行一般州县官的公务之外，还是直接管辖省城的行政长官（广东省城分属南海、番禺两县管辖）。从日记记载我们可以了解清朝后期地方政府对省会城市的管理体制以及城市社会生活的很多细节。杜凤治被总督委派参与了大量“洋务”活动，日记记载了当时广东中外交涉的一些情况。此外，杜凤治作为首县知县，经常直接向督、抚、藩、臬报告，与各级上司讨论公务，参与官员任免等事务，实际上成为广东省高级官员的重要助手。日记对杜凤治与各级官员公私交往的记录，揭示了晚清地方行政机构的具体运作以及晚清官场的各种规则与人际关系。

Official Duties of the Magistrate of Guangdong's Foremost County during the Tongzhi and Guangxu Periods:Reading the Nanhai County Magistrate's Diaries

The main data used in this article are the diaries of Du Fengzhi, who was magistrate of Nanhai county during the Tongzhi and Guangxu periods. In addition to performing the routine official duties of a prefect or magistrate, Du Fengzhi was also the official in direct control of Guangdong's provincial capital (jurisdiction over Guangzhou city was divided between Nanhai and Panyu counties). From his diaries, we can see the local government's system for administering the provincial capital and many details of t...