东北地区城市规模分布的分形特征

本文借助Zipf公式考察了东北地区(1994)城市规模分布的分形几何特征,发现辽宁省城市规模分布具有双分形结构,吉林省城市规模分布具有单分形结构,而黑龙江省城市规模分布则具有局部分形结构,整个东北地区的城市规模分布呈现局部分形图式,但显示出双分形迹象。文章得出了一些重要的理论结论,并为东北三省的城市体系等级结构优化提出了若干建议。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF FRACTAL FEATURES OF SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF CITIES IN NORTHEAST CHINA

A study is made priliminarily in the paper on the fractal characteristics of size distributions of cities in Northeast China, and it is discovered that the city-size distribution of Liaoning Province has structure of bi-fractals, Jilin Province has single fractal patterns, and Helongjiang Province has a local fractal feature.As for the whole region including the three provinces, it has a local fractal pattern with some sign of bi-fractals.Zipf dimensions of every system of cities is calculated and the corresponding fractal dimensions are estimated.Some proposals based on fractal idea are put forward to optimize the rank size distribution and hierarchy of urban systems in Northeast China, and some theoretical and practical benefits can be gained from this study that ① The fractals of city-size distributions are not only a kind of form and structure, but also a process, they can change from one pattern to another:local fractal, bi-fractals, and single fractal, ortransfer in inverse direction;② Geographical fractal theory can be used to optimize city-size distribution in a region in place of some simple city-size policy such as ‘strictly control sizes of large cities, rationally develop medium sized cities, and actively develop small cities and towns’, which as a typical ‘schemic design’ is not only invalid but also dangerous in practice.