上海陆家嘴金融集聚动因的实证研究

本文利用陆家嘴金融创新问卷调查和面对面访谈等实地调研资料,对上海陆家嘴的金融集聚动因进行了较为深入的探讨。研究发现,邻近金融中心市场、共享知名品牌、金融友善型政府、良好的政策法规是促进其金融集聚的主要动因;而我国金融政策环境开放度不高、金融产业水平较低、市场规模不大、中介服务机构不足则正成为影响陆家嘴金融集聚的主要不利因素。

A STUDY ON DYNAMICS OF FINANCE AGGLOMERATION IN LUJIAZUI DISTRICT OF SHANGHAI

Finance agglomeration is a growth factor of economic development and the dynamics become the subject of intense interest in academics, business practitioners and government policy circles in the world. In China, the financial service industry has experienced a fantastic development and Lujiazui District of Shanghai is home to 75 headquarters of foreign banks operating in China, to 14% securities dealers and 50% fund management firms in China. Lujiazui District is recognized as the only national economic development zone entitled Finance and Trade, one of China's national centers for financial services.
In order to find out the dynamics of finance agglomeration in Lujiazui District, the authors carried out a one-year study research from May 2005 to Sep. 2006. During the research, 165 questionnaires were sent, 54 of which were returned from almost all sub-sectors in Lujiazui District. Nine face-to-face interviews with financial firms were organized to provide important qualitative evidence on the key agglomeration issues for Lujiazui District. Based on the analysis of questionnaires, interviews and the comparison with the situation of London, the authors find out that benefit from being close to finance market, the importance of the address perceived as credit, the support from the local government and Policies and Regulations are the main driving forces of the financial service agglomeration. First of all, most national financial markets, such as Shanghai Stock Exchange, Shanghai Futures Exchange, and such like are all located here, which are essential for financial firms to get information as soon as possible. Shanghai is the most prosperous region in China and corporations here have great demand for financial services. So many financial firms come here to get close to the market and clients. Secondly, credit is another important factor for finance agglomeration. Lujiazui District is the only National Economic Development Zone for financial industry, which gives financial firms credit and brings their clients and employees honor. Thirdly, policies and the support from local government are also significant for the finance development in this district. it shows that among the factors restricting the financial development in Lujiazui District, Policies and Regulations, finance market scale and intermediary organs are more important.
So it's suggested that Lujiazui District and financial industry need to work together in developing and implementing the strategic direction related to marketing and promotion, human resources and business development. In addition, the government should improve the financial supervision to encourage the institutional innovation and to attract the famous intermediary organs worldwide to upgrade the financial value chain in Lujiazui District.