我国城市犯罪空间防控研究二十年

从4个方面透视了我国20年来城市犯罪空间防控的研究进展。(1)溯源-学习与批判。国外的犯罪原因传统理论、犯罪新理论和城市犯罪空间理论等,为我国城市犯罪空间防控研究提供了理论素养和反面教训。(2)历程-理念与实践。城市犯罪空间防控研究从介绍国外研究成果并蕴育科学理念,到结合中国国情尝试应用实践,再到初步提出理论体系,经历了一个短暂而并不缓慢的发展历程。(3)凝练-概念与框架。理清了空间防控的概念内涵、理论要点,阐明了空间防控的不可替代性。(4)展望-拓展与深化。我国城镇化的客观需求必将为空间防控研究提供强大的推动力,地理学必将在空间防控研究领域里取得重大而独特的成就。

A REVIEW OF URBAN SPATIAL ANTI-CRIME STUDY IN CHINA FROM 1980 TO 2000

Urban spatial anti-crime study is multi-discipline research crossing urban geography, crime geography and other related subjects. This paper review the development of urban spatial anti-crime study in China from the perspective of history and analyzes from four aspects. (1) Tracing the source-learning and criticism. The enormous of crime research findings of overseas provides China both theories, including traditional theories, the crime new theories and the urban crime space theories, and experience. (2) Developing process-from idea to practice. The researches on urban spatial anti-crime study in China experienced a short but rapid developing process from the introduction to research results abroad and the generation of scientific ideas, to the application in Chinese context, and then to the establishment of primary theoretical system. (3) Extracting and purifying-concepts and theoretical frameworks. The researches on urban spatial anti-crime study in China provided essential requirements for make general guidelines of the theoretical framework in 1980-2000. The researchers clarified the concept connotation and theoretical points of spatial anti-crime study. (4) Prospect-extending and deepening. The objective urbanization demand in China is a great driving force for the development of urban spatial anti-crime study. And geography will gain significant and unique achievement in the research field of urban spatial anti-crime study. The theoretical framework of the research on urban spatial anti-crime study contains three main points which are a comprehensive view of crime origin, the essential elements of crime and the environment effects to crime, and, contains three main points of its applied theory which are the integrated anti-crime system, the planning and designing of city environment and the spatial management of city areas. The practice of spatial anti-crime study includes the construction of comprehensive system of it, the adaptation of city space for anti-crime, the comprehensive treatment of criminal spatial blind areas and the strengthening spatial management of regional unit.