对冷战后局部战争的地缘政治思考

冷战后,随着苏联的解体,世界格局保持了近半个世纪的力量均势失衡,造成了局部地区的力量真空和失衡。美国则依靠其唯一的大国优势,在"维护正义"、"保护人权"的幌子下到处发动或参加海外局部战争,使得世界并没有因冷战结束而进入人们所企盼的和平发展时代。从1991年海湾战争至今的12年中,全球发生了几十次局部战争,对世界格局产生着重大的影响。本文仅从冷战后发生的四次大规模局部战争的地缘政治背景分析,来探讨在新的世界格局和新的地缘环境中,我国的地缘政治形势和维护国家安全利益的对策。

CONSIDERING THE GEOPOLITICS OF REGIONAL WARS AFTER THE COLD WAR

After the Cold war, with the disintegration of the Soviets, the patterns of the world is out of balance after half a century, resulting in the power vacuum and the unbalance of the region power. Under the camouflage of "supporting the justice" and "protecting the human rights",and depending on the only one big country's advantages, the United States launches or takes part in the oversea regional wars everywhere, which makes the world not enter the peaceful development ages the people look forward to. Since the 1991 gulf war, decades regional wars have taken place in these 12 years, which have important effects on the patterns of the world. This paper analyses the geopolitical background, war mechanism, war proceeds and occurrence location of the four times large regional wars after the Cold war, draw the conclusion that the time of the four times wars breaking out is more and more short, opposite concentration of position is in the "heart district" edge, not the symmetry war mode. On the basis, the paper puts great emphasis on area analysis of the four regional wars from the international and political geographic background, the political geographic structure after the cold wars and the theory of regional politics, and especially analyses "new mood area" where the four times wars took place and the "unsteadiness" of the region based on the natural geography, human geography, political geography, pointing out that the district will become "the latent earthquake source" in the 21st century. It also predicted that the competition of land and naval forces was still the focus in 21st century. Aimed at the analysis of the four regional wars and the characteristics of our country ground environment, the paper at last put forward the three greatest countermeasures of the national security benefits, that is, constructing the peaceful environment and development maintenance security, making use of regional advantages to put controlling strategy into practice, armies, naval and air forces lay equal stress on, insuring the safety of the eastern, western and northern regional lines.