一种古籍修复用纸伸缩性检测方法的探讨

补纸选配是古籍修复中的重要环节,但其伸缩性尚未引起足够重视。古籍修复补纸均为传统手工抄制,浸水后强度较低。按现行国家标准浸湿法检测补纸伸缩性时易产生撕裂、变形等问题,适用性较差。本研究探讨了一种古籍修复补纸的伸缩性检测方法——喷润法。利用水分检测仪对补纸相对含水量进行测定,从测量时间和可操作性的角度验证了该方法的可行性。通过十余种常用补纸的伸缩性检测结果发现,喷润法与浸湿法所得结果具有较好的一致性。随后探讨了古籍书叶伸缩性检测的适用性,并结合具体案例,建议在修复前分析古籍书叶与补纸的伸缩性匹配度。喷润法有效避免了补纸浸湿后的拉伸变形或破裂,既适用于古籍修复补纸,也适用于古籍书叶的无损检测,可为古籍修复策略的制定提供科学依据和参考。

Investigation of a method to test the dimensional instability of restoration papers for ancient books

The selection of restoration papers is an important step in the restoration of ancient books, but their dimensional instability has not attracted enough attention. Restoration papers for ancient books are traditionally hand-made and have low strength after being soaked in water. The use of the current national standard testing method for dimensional instability of papers may cause the ripping and deformation of restoration papers. Therefore, a method to test the dimensional instability of restoration papers, namely the spraying method, was proposed. The relative moisture contents of restoration papers were measured using a moisture detector, in order to verify the feasibility of this spraying method from the perspectives of measurement time and operability. Moreover, the results of the spraying treatment and the soaking treatment achieved good consistency through analysis of the wetting-drying dimensional instability of more than ten kinds of commonly used restoration papers. We also discuss the applicability of dimensional instability testing to ancient books, and suggested the analysis of the dimensional instability matching degree between ancient book paper and restoration papers before restoration according to some specific cases. Since the spraying method effectively avoids the tensile deformation or fracture of restoration papers seen with the soaking method, the spraying method is suitable for the non-destructive testing of both restoration papers and ancient book paper. Thus, this method provides a scientific basis and a reference for the formulation of restoration strategies for ancient books.