试论中国城市化快速发展道路

学术界对中国城市化道路的争论由来已久,中国传统的城市化道路导致了城市规模的无序扩张和城乡差距的日趋扩大。作者认为数量、质量并重和低成本转移劳动力,是城市化快速发展道路必须坚持的两大原则。发达国家的经验表明,集中型还是分散型的城市化道路,由资源条件和市场力量共同决定。最后,作者提出了大中小城市互相协调,东部、中部和西部地区差异化发展的城市化道路。

THE PATH OF RAPID URBANIZATION IN CHINA

Since the discussion on the path of urbanization in China has been existed for a long time,the academia has not reached the same agreement to this day.The traditional path of urbanization resulted in urban scale growing out-of-order and the gap between urban and country widening gradually.So,it is necessary that governors selected a path of rapid urbanization to solve those questions. On the basis of reviewing the path of urbanization,the author considered that the same important between quantity and quality,transferring labors with lower cost should be two of important principles,which insisted by path of rapid urbanization.After 1996,the urbanization of China has come into the stage of rapid development.From then on,more than twelve million surplus rural labors turned into urban resident every year.If we only care the quantity instead of quality of urbanization,and don't care the cost of transferring labors,the rapidity of urbanization will slow down and the urbanization will be an inefficient way to economic growth. The experience of developed country show that which of path,concentration or decentralization,was decided by resource and market together.The British rapid urbanization has past two stages.The American rapid urbanization chose a dispersive path,because of ample resource.On the other way,the Japanese and Korean rapid urbanization chose concentrative path,because of more people in narrow land. Since the imbalance of urbanization in China,we should aim at different regions to choose appropriate path of urbanization.So,the author proposed a path of coordinating each other in the large,medium-sized and small cities,and that disparity development in the eastern,middle and western regions.