精英、舆论与外交:华盛顿会议期间的国民外交代表

1921年底,余日章和蒋梦麟作为国民外交代表参与华盛顿会议。他们对中国政府代表团进行舆论监督,力促政府代表早日提出山东问题。当会外谈判成为现实后,他们又力促政府代表早日解决山东问题;并利用各种渠道构建一个舆论宣传网络,努力维护中国的国家形象,揭露日本侵略中国权利的实际情形。余日章、蒋梦麟在华盛顿会议期间的国民外交活动堪称1920年代初期中国精英利用公众舆论影响政府外交的一个典型。

Elite, public discourse and diplomacy: representatives of national diplomacy during the Washington Conference in 1921

At the end of 1921,Yu Ri-zhang and Jiang Meng-lin as the representatives of national diplomacy attended the Washington Conference.They functioned on behalf of the public to monitor the delegation of Chinese government,in an attempt to urge the government to raise the issue of Shandong as early as possible.When extra-conference negotiations became a pressing reality,they again urged the government delegates to solve the problem of Shandong as early as possible.At the same time,they utilized every possible channel to build a publicity networks for public discourse,endeavoring to defend the national image of China and revealing the reality of Japanese invasion in China.The activities of national diplomacy channeled by Yu Ri-zhang and Jiang Meng-lin during the Washington Conference was arguably a prototype of Chinese elite using public discourse to influence government diplomacy in the early 1920s.