扩张与困顿：从警政经费看晚清地方警政建设

警政建设是清末国家权力向州县以下地区进行扩张的一次重要尝试。但是由于中央政府的财政已经捉襟见肘。因此不得不谕令地方自筹经费开办。在实际的运作过程中，地方政府因财力不济，不得不采取加重捐税、增加税种以及和地方士绅合作等办法开办警察。由于经费筹措的困难和税源结构的重大调整，清末的警政建设在经历了一段时间的扩张之后，逐渐走向了困顿与萎缩。兴办警政助长了士绅力量的膨胀，冲击了原有的国家权力结构。

Dilate and weary: As for police political affairs funds, the late Qing Dynasty local police political affairs builds

That political affairs builds the police is that clear powder country authority carries out a important trial dilating to prefecture county the following area.Since but the central government finance already is coming out at the elbows,have to therefore tell make a place certainly prepare funds estab- lish.,local government reason financial resources are not good in the process of actual operation,have to adopt the local gentry who increases the weight of tax,increases categories of taxes and draws coop- erating to wait for way to establish the police.Because of the difficulty that funds raises and architectural significant tax fund adjustment,last clear police political affairs builds behind the dilation having expe- rienced a period of time,gradually trend weary and shrink.Initiate police political affairs having fos- tered gentry the strength swelling,has pounded original country power structure.