新中国成立以来的首都地铁建设

1953年9月,中共北京市委主持制定了《改建与扩建北京市规划草案的要点》,第一次明确提出“必须及早筹划地下铁道的建设”,从此拉开了北京地铁建设的序幕。北京地铁的建设一开始就与战备连在了一起,在线路方案和埋设深度等方面,军方的意见受到重视。与此同时,相关部门进行了一系列前期的规划与施工准备工作。但1961年由于经济困难,中央决定北京地铁建设暂时下马。此后由于国际形势趋于紧张,我国面临战争威胁,1965年北京地铁开始恢复建设,并成立了以军方领导人为主的地铁建设领导小组。1989年12月20日,地铁“一环一线”通过了国家验收正式投入运营。现在,北京地铁已从最初的“战备为主,兼顾交通”转变为以交通运营为中心,在城市交通中发挥着越来越重要的作用。

The Subway Construction in the Capital since the Founding of New China

Under the charge of the CPC Beijing Committee the Draft Plan for Rebuilding and Extending the City of Beijing was worked out in September 1953. The draft clearly pointed out for the first time that "preparations must be made as early as possible for building subways," thus kicking off a prologue to the construction of subway in the capital. The construction of subways in Beijing was linked from the very beginning with war preparation and great importance was attached to the views from the military with respect to the line layout, the depth of burying, etc. Meanwhile, the departments concerned made a series of early planning and construction preparations. Due to e- conomic difficulties, the Chinese central authorities decided in 1961 to put the project of subway on shelf temporarily. In the following years China was confronted with the threat of war under the critical international conditions and the construction of subway in Beijing was resumed with a leading group set up with the military commanders as the mainstay. On 20 December 1989, the subway projects of the loop line and Line One were checked and accepted by the government and were officially put into operation. At the beginning the subways in Beijing were focused on war preparation while taking transportation into consideration; now they take transportation operation as their central task and are playing an increasingly important role in the city transportation.