Ancient breeds of domestic fowl (Gallus gallus f. domestica) distinguished on the basis of traditional observations combined with mixture analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium;2. Institut de Paléontologie Humaine, USM 204 du MNHN, UMR 5198 du CNRS 1, Rue René Panhard, F-75013 Paris, France;3. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Laboratory of Comparative Anatomy and Biodiversity, Ch. de Bériotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium;4. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Archaeology, Blijde Inkomststraat 21, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium;5. Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité du MNHN - UMR 5197, Bât. d''anatomie comparée, 55, Rue Buffon, F-75005 Paris, France;1. Physicochemistry of Carbon Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, N. Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland;2. Department of Tissue Engineering, N. Copernicus University, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karłowicza St. 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;3. Department of Urology, City Hospital, Batorego St. 17/19, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;4. Department of Chemistry, N. Copernicus University, 7 Gagarin St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland;1. Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, CB2 3DZ, UK;2. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK;1. Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL;2. Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL;1. Pulmonary Institute Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva;2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Soroka Medical Center, Be''er Sheeva, Israel;3. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Soroka Medical Center, Be''er Sheeva, Israel;1. School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;2. SERP, Departament de Prehistòria, Història Antiga i Arqueologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Montalegre 6-8, 08001 Barcelona, Spain;3. ICAAM – Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas, LabOr – Laboratório de Ornitologia, Universidade de Évora, Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal;4. Departmento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain;5. Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos – IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain;6. Departament de Biologia Animal, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain;1. Department of Anthropology, Main Quad, Building 50, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943205-2034, USA;2. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3ER, UK;3. CNRS, Muséum national d''Histoire naturelle, Département Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité, UMR 7209, “Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique: Sociétés, Pratiques et, Environnements”, case postale 56 (bâtiment d''anatomie comparée), 55, rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris cedex 05, France;4. Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, St Mary''s Building, Elphinstone Road, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, Scotland, UK |
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| Abstract: | Using a large assemblage of domestic fowl bones from a classical site, a methodology is presented that allows the recognition of breeds. The approach differs from previous research in which tarsometatarsi were used exclusively. In the present paper, frequency histograms of long bone lengths and mixture analysis were combined with observations on medullary bone development. By concentrating on the analysis of bones with medullary bone, only the securely sexed part of the population (the females) is considered, thereby avoiding problems related to the use of spur development in tarsometatarsi. Three breeds of different sizes could be recognized, of which the smallest shows a high incidence of spurred females. |
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