The chronology of Neolithic dispersal in Central and Eastern Europe |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, University of Tübingen Schloss Hohentübingen, Tübingen, Germany;2. Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Paleoenvironment, University of Tübingen Schloss Hohentübingen, Tübingen, Germany;3. Traceolab, Prehistory Department, Liège University, Liège, Belgium;4. Archaeology Program, School of Social Science, University Queensland, Australia;1. Gonville & Caius College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom;2. PAVE Research Group, Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, Division of Biological Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom;3. Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, University of Tübingen, Schloss Hohentübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany;4. Centre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia;5. Department of Archaeology, University of Cape Town, South Africa;1. Max Planck-Weizmann Center for Integrative Archeology and Anthropology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;2. Department of Structural Biology and the Kimmel Center for Archeological Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;3. Israel Antiquities Authority, POB 586, Jerusalem 91004, Israel;4. D-REAMS Radiocarbon Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel |
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| Abstract: | We analyze statistically representative samples of radiocarbon dates from key Early Neolithic sites in Central Europe belonging to the Linear Pottery Ceramic Culture (LBK), and of pottery-bearing cultures on East European Plain (Yelshanian, Rakushechnyi Yar, Buh-Dniestrian, Serteya and boreal East European Plain). The dates from the LBK sites form a statistically homogeneous set with the probability distribution similar to a single-date Gaussian curve. This implies that the duration of the spread of the LBK is shorter than the available temporal resolution of the radiocarbon dating; therefore, the rate of spread must be larger than 4 km/yr, in agreement with earlier estimates. The East European sites exhibit a broad probability distribution of dates. We identify in these data a spatio-temporal sequence from south-east to north-west, which implies the rate of spread of the initial pottery-making of the order of 1.6 km/yr, comparable to the average rate of spread of the Neolithic in Western and Central Europe. We argue that this spatio-temporal sequence is consistent with an idea that the tradition of the initial pottery-making on East European Plain developed under an early impulse from the Eastern Steppe. |
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