近代山东农村手工业的外向型发展--以草辫、花边、发网业为例

清末民初。山东农村兴盛一时的草辫、花边、发网业是在资本主义入侵后，传统手工业遭到冲击和破坏，为适应国际市场的需求而发展起来的、产品专供出口的新兴手工业。通商口岸的开埠和地方政府、绅商的积极倡导、支持推动了它们的外向型发展。新兴手工业的商品化、专业化的发展。增加了农民家庭经济收入，发展了农村商品经济。活跃了农村市场，使农村手工业经济结构由传统封闭型向出口导向型转变。其贸易活动加强了城乡之间的互动联系，加速了山东沿海城市近代化的进程。

The Export-oriented Development of Modern Handicraft Industry in the Rural Area of Shandong Province

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the start of the Republic of China,traditional handicraft industry was subjected to impact and destruction along with the invasion of Capitalism.Meanwhile,to meet the demand of the international market,newly-arising export-oriented handicraft industries developed in the rural areas of Shandong Province-Caobian,Huabian and Fawang.The opening-up of the commercial ports and the active advocation and support of the local government and merchants promoted their export-oriented development.The commercialization and specialization of them added to the income of rural families,developed the rural commercial economies,enlivened the rural market and led to the transformation of the economic structure of the rural handicraft from traditionally closed sideline to export-orientation.The trade activities tightened the interactive relationship between urban and rural areas and accelerated the modernization of coastal cities of Shandong Province.