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Recent Excavation and Recording at the New Neolithic Rock Art Site of Vallée Aux Noirs,Buthiers (Seine‐et‐Marne,France)
Authors:Serge Cassen  Valentin Grimaud  Laurent Lescop  Christophe Petit  Guillaume Robin
Affiliation:1. CNRS, Laboratoire de recherche Archéologie et Architectures (UMR 6566), Université de Nantes, Nantes, FRANCE;2. Laboratoire de recherche Archéologie et Architectures, Université de Nantes, Nantes, FRANCE;3. Ecole nationale supérieure d'architecture, Nantes, FRANCE;4. Université de Paris 1 Panthéon‐Sorbonne, (UMR ArScAn 7041, Archéologies environnementales), Paris, FRANCE;5. School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, William Robertson Wing, Old Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, UK
Abstract:Following the exceptional discovery of Neolithic engravings on a boulder at Vallée aux Noirs in the Fontainebleau forest, south of Paris, an excavation trench was opened in order to access the buried part of the decorated rock panel and explore the stratigraphic context of the artwork. A palaeosol was found two metres below the modern ground level, underneath multiple layers of sterile sandy soil forming a very compact sequence from which only one archaeological artefact was recovered – an Iron Age fibula (c.200–300 BC). Dating of the palaeosol was attempted through two different methods: AMS dates from charcoal suggest a significant span from the Early Bronze Age to the Iron Age, while two more consistent OSL dates point to formation of the palaeosol during the Late Neolithic (3500–3000 cal BC). The entire engraved rock surface (16 m2), including its buried part, was fully recorded. Four main semiotic groups were identified: a typical fifth‐millennium crook‐hafted axe with a ring, two boats with steering oars, and a central, very tall human figure dominating the composition from its 3.5‐metre height.
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