试论张謇政治转型时期的“新思维”

由传统迈向现代的进程与知识精英思维方式的转变关系密切。近代中国，理性思辨既是推动知识精英思维方式转化的核心因素，也是推动政治思想革新、民族新生的重要前提。因为，现代社会与传统农业社会不同，许多问题绝非“吃一堑长一智”旧式思维套路所能处置的。张謇是精英群体中思维方式率先西化的典型代表，他将东西方思维方式结合在一起分析思考中国的现实及将来，形成了对时局的独特看法，主张政治上要渐进与公正，教育上要独立与务实。

On Zhang Jian's"New Tinking"in Political Transition Period

The process from the traditional to modern acts close coordination with the thinking way of intellectual elites . In modern China, rational speculation is not only the core factor to promote the trasformation of intellectual elite＇ s thinking way , but also an important prerequisite to promote politi- cal＇ s innovation and nation＇ s nascent. Modern societies is different from traditional agricultural, it is very difficult to stand up again . Many problems are beyond routine disposal of old thinking as ＂eat a cutting wisdom＂. Zhang Jian is a typical figure of the elite group whose thinking＇ s way first towards west. Zbang combined Eastern and Western ways of thinking to think the future and reality of China, formed his unique view towards the current situation. He advocated progression and fair for political, in- dependence and pragmatism for education.