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Late Archaic wells on the Gila River Indian Community,Arizona |
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| Authors: | David K Wright Michael R Waters Chris Loendorf M Kyle Woodson Wesley D Miles J Andrew Darling |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Archaeology and Art History, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim 9-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-745, South Korea;2. Cultural Resource Management Program, Gila River Indian Community, P.O. Box 2140, Sacaton, AZ 85147, USA;3. Center for the Study of the First Americans, Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;4. Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;5. Southwest Heritage, 1033 S. Tiago Dr., Gilbert, AZ 85233, USA |
| Abstract: | Eight prehistoric wells dug to a depth of ∼2 m below the modern ground surface were found in the alluvial sediments of McClellan Wash on Gila River Indian Community in southern Arizona. Charcoal from the sediments filling the wells yielded radiocarbon ages of ∼1000 B.C. The time in which wells were dug coincides with a period of general regional aridity and high ENSO activity in the American Southwest. Digging to access water may have occurred in response to period(s) of resource uncertainty, or as a logistical activity that engaged increasingly resource-tethered Late Archaic/Early Agricultural populations. These activities laid the foundation for agricultural practices that eventually became the dominant mode of subsistence in the low-lying areas of the Sonoran Desert. |
| Keywords: | Archaic period American Southwest Climate change Resource tethering Wells Arizona |
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