干旱区流域经济分析的初步研究

本文在阐述流域经济概念的基础上,分析了在我国进行干旱区流域经济研究的重要意义。详细分析了我国干旱区流域经济的一般特征,即:生态环境状况与经济发展水平的错位,流域经济发展面临严重的生态退化问题,流域经济中心在历史上发生了变迁和流域经济的简单性等。指出干旱区流域经济实质上是干旱区流域生态经济。最后提出了干旱区流域经济应开展的重点研究内容。

THE PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ARID CATCHMENT ECONOMY IN CHINA

Water resource is the main limiting factor in the development of catchment's economy in Northwest China. In the article, catchment's economy, whose scope is the natural region of water cycle and whose key problem is the development and utilization of water resource, is a study of the structure, function, the state and trend of development, management and planning of its system to maintain the stable, harmonious and sustainable development. Then the importance of carrying out catchment's economy research in arid region in our country was expatiated from characteristics, external and internal driven force and the situation at present of arid catchment's economy. The characteristics of arid catchment's economy in Northwest China are analyzed. The environment conditions of a certain region in the catchment's usually degrade with the development of economy. Serious degradation of environment is confronted with in arid catchment. The center of economy has moved from lower reaches to upper reaches of arid catchment in the history. The ness of catchment's economy is discussed at last. The paper points out that arid catchment's economy is essentially the catchment's ecological economy on the analysis of characteristics of catchment's economy. At last, several focal contents of arid catchment's economy, which should be researched at present, are suggested. These important issues include the law of development and control of catchment's economy, optimal development and distribution of resources which regard water resources as the center of development, the role of human activities in the development of catchment's economy, research of eco-agriculture, eco-water engineering, eco-tourism and green industry, decision-making of development of catchment's etc. The study process of arid catchment's economy can be carried out as follows:designing multi-scenarios of harmonious development between environment and economy in arid catchment-decision-making for optimal scenario-planning for the development of a catchment's economy. The sustainable development of arid region is equal the sustainable development of arid catchment's economy; the sustainable development of ecological and economic system of arid region equals to the sustainable development of arid region.