秦俑保护修复中陶体抗压抗折性能试验研究

在秦俑的保护修复中,对秦俑不同部位的陶体进行了抗压强度、抗折强度及粘接抗折强度的试验研究。选取有代表性的小残片作为样本,采用高压水射流方法加工小尺寸试件,分别进行了24组抗压强度、24组抗折强度和12组粘接抗折强度试验。结果表明:秦俑陶体整体平均抗压强度为29.65 MPa、抗折强度为12.65 MPa,不同部位的抗压强度差异相对较大、抗折强度差异相对较小；甲片部位的抗压强度和抗折强度均较高,而其他部位的抗压强度和抗折强度的相对大小有所差异；对于粘接修复后的陶体,抗折强度相比粘接前有所降低；腿部的各项力学性能都相对较低且位于秦俑受力的关键部位,因而有必要进行重点保护。

Experimental study on the compressive and flexural properties of terra-cotta ceramics during the conservation and restoration of Qin Terra-cotta Warriors

The compressive strength, flexural strength and flexural strength in adhesion of terra-cotta ceramics from different parts of Qin Terra-cotta Warriors were studied. Several representative small pieces of ceramics were selected as samples to make small-sized specimens using the high-pressure water jet technology. Twenty-four groups of compressive strength tests, 24 groups of flexural strength tests and 12 groups of flexural strength in adhesion tests were carried out. The results show that the average compressive strength and flexural strength of the terra-cotta ceramics were 29.65 MPa and 12.65 MPa, respectively. The variation of compressive strengths among different parts was relatively larger than that of flexural strengths. Both the compressive strength and flexural strength of armor pieces were at high levels, while the relative magnitudes of compressive strength and flexural strength of other parts were different. For the restored ceramics, the flexural strength was decreased. Since the legs featured relatively lower mechanical properties and are located at the key force-bearing parts of Qin Terra-cotta Warriors, it is necessary to focus more on their conservation.