基于国际酒店集团布局的中国城市网络连接度研究

截至2013年5月,世界酒店业300强中在中国形成网络化经营的20家国际酒店集团已在我国221个城市有布局。不同于以泰勒为代表的基于跨国生产性服务企业布局的城市连接度研究,本文以消费性服务企业中的国际酒店业在华布局为研究切入点,通过城市网络连接度测度发现:第一,我国酒店业城市网络已形成以上海、北京、杭州、西安为中心的层级体系,上海已具备成为国际酒店业首位城市和世界级旅居城市的条件;第二,在环渤海、长三角和珠三角三大经济区域中,基于国际酒店集团服务价值判定的区内和区际城市连接度水平存在较大差异,其中长三角地区连接度总和与均值最高;第三,在酒店业的全球生产网络中,中国城市的酒店业布局具有品牌层次的低端锁定特征,中心性和总部经济效应有待提高。

A CITY NETWORK ANALYSIS BASED ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF INTERNATIONAL HOTEL GROUPS IN CHINA

Different from Taylor's inter-city connectivity research based on multinational productive services distribution, this paper chooses to initiate city interlocking research based on typical consumer services——international hotel groups' location choices as complementary contribution to current city network research. For this purpose, three main conclusions have been obtained based on systematic measurement and analysis:Firstly, city hierarchy system has taken into shape with Shanghai, Beijing, Hangzhou and Xi'an serve as national hotel centers, among which Shanghai and Beijing qualify to perform as one of international hotel centers and world sojourn cities, and in addition, and furthermore, a batch of regional and local hotel centers like Suzhou, Chongqing and Chengdu, etc, are shaping up with promising potentials. Secondly, there have been huge differences among Bohai Sea Region, Yangtze River Delta and Pan Pearl River Delta on both inner and inter-city connectivity comparisons with regard to international hotel group service value definition, and Yangtze River Delta ranks first in terms of both total and average connectivity, followed by Pan Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta respectively, which means city interlocking network has a healthy structure in Yangtze River Delta than the other two regions. Thirdly, international hotel group location choices in China characterized in low-end locking within global hotel production network.