地铁站点可达性、客流与站点商圈零售商业结构关系研究——以广州市为例

地铁与城市商业地域的结构存在极大关系。实地调查获取广州15个地铁站点商圈零售商业营业面积、地铁网络等数据,利用栅格分析方法计算不同地铁站点的可达性程度的差异性。运用回归模型分析不同地铁站点可达性、客流与站点商圈零售商业空间结构的相关关系。以广州天河市级商业中心为例,微观上分析地铁站点客流对商业中心空间结构的影响。结果表明:地铁站点交通可达性、客流量与站点零售商业营业面积存在较强关联性,但换乘站点的可达优势与客流优势在商业上未能完全体现;地铁客流与较高等级的商业存在较大的相关性,而与低等级的商业相关性小,甚至负相关;客流的增加促进了地铁附近的商业形态从传统零售业向更高级业种演化。

RESEARCH ON THE STRUCTURAL RELATIONSHIP OF METRO ACCESSIBILITY,PASSENGER FLOWS AND RETAIL BUSINESS IN METRO SITES: A CASE STUDY OF GUANGZOU

Urban railway transportation has changed the city internal flowing pattern dramatically, which raises a great impact on the development of the urban retail business structure, since the development of urban commercial space depends on the flow frequently. We selected 15 representative railway stations in Guangzhou as the study cases to investigate the relationship between accessibility, flows and the site commercial scale. Firstly, we set that within 500 meters of the site commercial district, different types of business area represent the correspondent commercial structures. Then, through the field survey in 500 meters area around metro stations, we collect up the effective materials and datum about different kinds of industry business operating scale and space position. Finally, we get the Guangzhou metro passenger flows datum from Guangzhou City Transportation Development Annual Report. The results reveal that:1) The three characteristics (metro accessibility, passenger flow volume and site retail business scale) exist an intense relevance relationship. 2) Metro passenger flow has remarkable relevance with higher level business, and shows quiet correlation (even a negative correlation) with low levels of business. 3) The increase of passenger flow promotes a business evolution from traditional retail industry to the more advanced business entity (such as department stores, commercial plaza).