比较视野下中国乡村认知的再辨析:当代价值与乡村复兴

本文首先探讨了西方社会对乡村认知转型的基本思潮,其演进脉络经历了生产主义、后生产主义和多功能乡村三个阶段。在此基础上,本文尝试建立了从主体和功能两个维度进行乡村认知的基本框架,并从历史视角对中国乡村的认知变迁进行了回溯。新中国成立以来,对于乡村的认知大致经历了牺牲型乡村和追赶型乡村两个阶段,直至城乡统筹的概念提出,才有一定的改变。本文提出了当前中国乡村的三重价值——乡村的农业价值、乡村的腹地价值和乡村的家园价值。基于这样的多元价值,尝试性地提出了"乡村复兴"的概念框架。

RE-UNDERSTANDING RURAL CHINA FROM A COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE:CONTEMPORARY PERCEPTION,VALUE AND RENAISSANCE OF THE COUNTRYSIDE

Based on the review, we set up an analysis framework for rural perception from dimensions of subject and function. The subjects includes different scalar levels of stute urban-rural region, rural residents and urban dewellers. The functions involves differents aspects of security, economy, ecology, living, culture and education. Inspired by this framework, the trajectory of the rural development in China after 1949 can be categoried into three periods under a evolutionary perception. It had experienced the sacrificial period during the planned economy since 1949 and catching-up period after the 1978 market-oriented reform. Furthermore,this paper argues that the values of the countryside in contemporary China can be categorised into three levels: rural as farmland-agriculture production is still important in the countryside of China; rural as hinterland-the core-periphery theory on urban-rural relationship should be rethought in the aspects of economic,ecological and social functions; rural as homeland-it has go beyond pragmatic understanding to the unique humanistic value for the Chinese nation. Lastly, based on the past linear paradigm of rural transition, this paper proposes the concept of ‘rural renaissance’.