空间视角下农村社会关系变迁研究——以山东省枣庄市L村“村改居”为例

以空间为视角,以"村改居"为案例,说明了农村居住空间改观对农村社会关系嬗变的影响。首先,农民集中居住后,公寓楼的阶梯设置造成了垂直方向上行走的高差区分。由于楼梯对身体的规训以及安全性差,导致高差间交往的不便;其次,公寓楼单元化的"门-房"一体结构导致公共空间与私人空间的界限明朗化,缺少了半私密性空间的过渡,空间闭合与开放的矛盾变得不可调和,农村居民户内交往意愿降低;再次,公共空间相对于私人生活区的外设与远离,导致公共空间使用率下降。农村居民间规模化和混合型交往缺失,公共空间没有承担起公共交往的功能。农村社会关系因此从"分散的不规则集中"变为"集中的均匀分散"。

CHANGES OF THE RURAL SOCIAL RELATIONS UNDER SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE: A CASE OF L VILLEGE IN ZAOZHUANG OF SHANGDONG PROVINCE

Changing villages is important content in the process of new rural construction, rural urbanization and urban-rural integration, and it is in order to improve rural residential environment. Changing villages lead to the housing and living spatial pattern in rural area changing from dispersion to vertical concentration. However, Changing villages lead to unintended consequence in the process of reconstructing the housing and living spatial pattern in rural area. Acquaintance communication in rural residents is weakening, which reduce frequencies, shorten time, simply content of communication and decrease emotion input. Many factors can account for the change. Due to loss of public space, there are rarely interact in residents by large scale. Taking the Changing villages for example under spatial perspective, the paper explains the effect on the changing of rural social relations from spatial. Firstly, height difference of stairs in apartment building is inconvenient to residents. Meanwhile, stairs are easy to discipline body and lower sense of safety. Secondly, unitization of apartment building lead to the boundary of public space and private space is obvious. Lacking half private space and contradiction between closed space and open space cause the low indoor interaction. Thirdly, public space is increasingly far from private space as peripherals of building that decreased the usage rate of public space. In order to improve the housing and living spatial environment in rural area, the study consider that we should not only promote modernization of traditional living space in rural area and transform the peasant into townspeople, but also push independent development of production, life and mode of association in rural area.