高层居住小区儿童游戏空间发展特征与更新方向

本文从探讨住宅高层化对儿童户外游戏空间影响入手,引入"第一,第二,第三游戏空间"的概念,对城市居住区游戏空间历史演变脉络进行考察。再通对游戏空间适宜度指标研究和应用,分析出以北京为代表的高层居住区户外游戏空间发展特征与问题。然后通过改造实例介绍以及东京、北京典型高层住宅小区户外游戏空间据点和行为轨迹对比研究,提出引入"家地带"改造理念和促进游戏空间资源多样化的设计手法,是更新与提升我国高层住宅小区外部空间游戏适宜度的两大方向。

STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS AND RE-DEVELOPING DIRECTION OF CHILDREN'S PLAYING SPACE IN HIGH-RISE HOUSING ESTATE

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics and existing problems of outdoor playing space in high-rise housing estate in China, then put forward reasonable re-developing plan direction for playing space in high-rise housing estate. There are two research bases, one is the study on the evolution chronology of playing space in housing estate, another is the approach about of index of "Playing space suitability "based on sampling investigation about 50 high-rise housing estate in Beijing. Firstly, this paper put forward the necessity of studying influence on children outdoor playing space from high-rise housing estate, then according to the sequence of "First, Second, Third Playing Space", the history evolution chronology about playing space in the city housing estate were generalized. Then, through the research on index of "playing space suitability" and its application, the development characteristics and problems in Beijing as the representative of the high-rise residential outdoor play space were clarified, which can be generalized that:although China has entered the fast development period of Second Playing Space now, there are problems of lacking relevant laws, regulations or clear design standard, and the evaluation criteria of outdoor space in housing estate needs to be clear too, the period of Third Playing Space has not been obviously started yet. Then, in order to research the re-developing plan of outdoor space in high-rise housing estate in China, the planning idea of "home zone" from Europe is introduced, which is aimed to make safe road network reform in housing estate areas. The suggestion is based on a comparative study between Tokyo and Beijing typical high-rise housing estate. The focus of comparative study is the investigation about children's outdoor playing behavior trajectories and outdoor playing lot.