被动迁居后城市低收入原住民就业变动的成因及影响因素——以南京为例

城市绅士化引起的低收入原住民被动迁居及其行为响应一直受到学术界高度关注。以南京近1000名安置房社区居民就业变动调查数据为基础,系统分析了被动迁居后城市低收入原住民就业变动的成因及影响因素。研究结果表明:安置点与理想岗位空间错位是被动迁居后城市低收入原住民就业变动首因,个人或家庭以及单位等因素对就业变化亦产生重要作用;被动迁居后城市低收入原住民就业变动呈普遍性和差异性双重特征,城市绅士化运动在一定程度上可能导致弱势阶层内部发生分化。

AN ANALYSIS OF URBAN LOW-INCOME ABORIGINES' EMPLOYMENT CHANGES AND INFLUENCING FACTORS AFTER FORCED MOVEMENT: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM NANJING

This article takes Nanjing as an example, conducts both questionnaire investigation and community interviews, and studies the urban low-income aborigines' employment changes and their reasons and influencing factoring during the process of gentrification by using a binary Logistic regression model. The results indicate that most of urban low-income aborigines have experienced employment changes after forced movement; as for their reasons of employment change, the most important one is for movement cause, followed by personal or family cause, and then employer cause. In such three categories of movement causes, the spatial mismatch between settlement residence after forced movement and ideal work place is found to be the first and foremost cause for low-income groups' employment changes. This research also discovers a double feature of group universality and individual variety in the pattern of urban low-income aborigines' employment changes:specifically, people with lower education, older age and less household incomes per capita are more vulnerable for employment changes. In the process of gentrification, the urban low-income aborigines have been put to an obvious underprivileged position and in the meantime, forced movement has also intensified its internal differentiation to a certain extent. In the end this article sheds light on the industrial land arrangement, suburban public transport facilities configuration and social policies and provides optimizing countermeasures and suggestions from above aspects.