基于数字高程模型的城市地貌与地名相关性分析——以兰州市为例

以兰州市为例,使用ASTER 30米分辨率的数字高程模型DEM并提取了兰州市周边所有地名信息;通过收集、整理地名,主要地名类型有:滩、坪、台、山、沟、湾、屲(洼)、岭、岘、梁、岗、咀等;通过地名与地貌分析,发现兰州地名命名及分布在很大程度上能够反映兰州市的地形地貌,且兰州地名类型的分布随高程呈现出一定规律;每一高程面上的地名数量与该高程面上兰州市的面积变化并没形成对应关系,在1800-1900 m、2100-2800 m高程,地名数量与面积对应较好;通过分析进一步证明了我国地名命名系统和地貌之间的关系,说明在我国文化地理及自然地理等学科的发展中具有融合现象。

ANALYSIS OF URBAN GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PLACE NAMES BASED ON DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL (DEM): A CASE STUDY OF LANZHOU CITY

In this paper, taking Lanzhou as an example, we used Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of ASTER30 meter resolution and collected "Big dictionary of Chinese place names", "The list of place name in Gansu province", used Tian map, Baidu map, Google Maps, Google Earth and other network maps, and extracted all the information of names surrounding Lanzhou City, then combined the two factors to do a comparative study, in order to understand the influence of urban landscape on place names. The results were shown as follows. According to landscape types and distribution of elevation, the terrain of Lanzhou City is divided into the following eight heights: less than 1530 m, 1530 m-1560 m, 1560 m-1650 m, 1650 m-1770 m,1770 m-1950 m, 1950 m-2010 m, 2010 m-2070 m, more than 2070 m. Through collecting and analyzing place names, the main types of names are Tan, Ping, Tai, Shan, Gou, Wan, Wa, Ling, Xian, Liang, Gang, Ju and so on. By a comparative analysis of geomorphology and place names, we found that place names and its distribution in Lanzhou City can largely reflect the topography of Lanzhou City. At the same time, the distribution of place names is related to elevation. The number of place names on each elevation is not consistent with the change of area on it, In the following elevation, the number of place names on each elevation corresponding to area on it is better. Further demonstrated by analyzing that place names systems and landscape have fusion phenomenon in the development of our cultural geography and physical geography and other disciplines.