民国初年察哈尔特别区域的设立与区域调整

民国初年,在边疆形势严峻的背景下,北京政府在内蒙古地区设立了特别区域。这一高层政区体制的形成和区域范围的确定,受到边疆地区政治、经济格局的深刻影响。由于该地区盟旗区域广大,以农业为主的县区范围狭小,缺乏设省的政治、经济基础,因而采取了特别区域这一形式。而其行政区域的议定,也是经过了多处县域纷争方才最终确定,这一点在察哈尔特别区域设立过程中尤为典型。区域纠纷的发生,主要缘于地方长官为了扩大财政收入,而边疆地区的民族、军事、交通条件等因素又成为影响区域隶属的关键。

The Establishment of Chahar Special Administrative Region and Disputes in Administrative Adjustment

Special Administrative Region was one type of high administrative district, which was established in the Inner Mongolia area in early years of the Republic of China. Due to the borderland crisis, local political and economic situations became important reasons for the special administrative distract establishment. In consideration of vast Mongolian banner area and narrow county area, the central government put Special Administrative Regions into forces instead of provinces. Because of local governors scrambling counties for increasing fiscal revenue, the administrative regions were prone to intense disputes, especially in Chahar area. And in the borderland, ethnic group, military strategy and distance became critical factors in the adjustment of counties.