建立我国草原生态环境补偿机制的政策建议

尽管草原退化的趋势逐年加剧,但在目前仍然存在着重林轻草,重政府投入,轻民间参与,重有形价值轻无形生态,重单项治理轻综合治理的倾向,草原生态系统加剧恶化的趋势在相当长地时间内还会作为一种常态存在,寻求长期的、社会多方参与利益共享的、生态生活生产同步的生态环境补偿机制已非常迫切。本文通过对我国草原退化现状和草原与森林生态价值的对比分析,提出了政策建议。

THE CORRESPONDING POLICY SUGGESTION TO THE MECHANISM OF REPARATION FOR BALANCING RANGEL AND ECOLOGY IN CHINA

China is rich in grassland,and it's area is second only to Australia in the world.area of grass land in china is about three times as big as that of the cultivated land;it is more than two times bigger than the area of the forest land.Grassland resource is a protective screen of natural forming in the ecosystem of China,but the reality is that: 90% of the grassland is degradated to a certain degree.The area of deteriorating grassland in china expands at the speed of two million hectares,whice the natural grassland reduces about 650,000-700,000 hectares every year.The tendency of grassland degradation is becoming worse gradually,The grassland Before the 1970s took up 10% of the whole area,in 1980s,the number rose exceeded 60% in the 1990s.Degradation accelerates,caused serious environmental problems. The paper analyzes the degradation of the grassland in China,and puts forward relative policy recommendations as follows: 1) dividing the grassland into two different kinds: grassland nature rerserve and free prairie zone,and manageing according to it's classification;2) enforcing pasture right trade and controlling the bearing capacity of the grassland in the free prairie zone strictly;3) setting up national policy-based grassland venture capital guiding funds;4) setting up and perfecting the public service security system in the grassland;5) setting up grassland management organization of high level;6) Establishing a fellowship relation between the public department and the private organization.