东北地区装备制造业的地位及其变化研究

国家振兴东北老工业基地计划的实施,为东北的振兴、特别是制造业的振兴带来了一定的机遇,但要恢复到原先的辉煌地位已不可能。东北地区装备制造业相对衰退的原因是多方面的,其中结构是基础,体制是关键,观念是根本。东北振兴、东北装备制造业振兴,必须抓住结构调整主线,彻底解决体制和观念障碍。本文以统计数据为基础,通过与长江三角洲、珠江三角洲的对比,揭示了东北装备制造业的现状特征和未来态势,剖析了东北装备制造业相对衰退的原因,提出了振兴东北装备制造业的政策建议。

RESEARCH ON THE STATUS AND CHANGE OF THE EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING IN NORTHEAST CHINA

Northeast China is the equipment manufacturing base strongly supported by the central government,and it has established an industry system with large varieties and a considerable scale by continuous efforts over the past fifty years.It has manufactured and transported large quantities of important equipments,and is noted as "the equipment department of the republic".It has overwhelming predominance in capital-and-technology-intensive industry,such as petrol-chemical industry,steel,colored metal smelting,manufacturing of heavy machines,motorcycles,aircrafts,machine tools and automotive manufacturing,etc.After the implementation of the state policy of "reformation in the economy and opening up the door to the outside world",however,since it is unsuitable with market economic development in many fields,such as structural adjustment,ideology,operating mechanism,management system,etc,the Northeastern equipment manufacturing gradually lost in the past glory and faced with more difficult situation.The relative downturn of Northeast Chinese manufacturing and the fast rising and highly efficient growth of Yangtze River delta and Pearl River Delta contributed to the shift of the center of gravity of Chinese equipment manufacturing center from the north to the south.Northeast China Nowadays,however,it has been replaced by Yangtze River delta and Pearl River delta as the center of Chinese equipment manufacturing.Northeast China now only occupies a tiny share in a few fields such as traffic equipment manufacturing industry,etc.Though there are advantages in technological foundations,skilled personnel,etc,for Northeast China,this status-declining inclination will last for long,Although the implementation of the plan to revitalize the equipment manufacturing base in Northeast China has brought many opportunities to the rejuvenation of the industry,it has no way of restoring the past glory.Several factors contributed to the recession,among which the structure is the foundation,the mechanism is the key,and the ideology is the root.In the rejuvenation of Northeast and the Northeastern equipment manufacturing,great importance should be attached to the leading guideline of reconstruction,and removing obstacles from the mechanism and mindset completely.Based on the statistical data,this article reveals the current characteristics of Northeast Chinese equipment manufacturing and its development trend by comparing with Yangtze River delta and Pearl River delta.Reasons of the recession are also analyzed and recommendations are finally brought forward.