清代君臣语境下“奴才”称谓的使用及其意义

清代,八旗出身的文职官员和总兵以上的所有武职官员,在与皇帝奏对时自称奴才,成为清代君臣关系的一个重要特征。本文从历史主义的立场出发,详细考察了在君臣语境下,大臣中奴才称谓出现的背景、表现及其意义,揭示了奴才称谓变化背后复杂的政治、社会、观念诸方面的作用和影响。

The Use and Meaning of the Title Nucai in the Context of the Qing Dynasty Monarch and His Ministers

During Qing Dynasty,the civilian officials of the Eight Banners and all military staff officers above Zongbing referred to themselves as Nucai before the emperor.This term became an important feature of the relationship between the monarch and his ministers during the Qing Dynasty.This article starts from a historical standpoint and gives a detailed examination of the background of the title Nucai,its performance and significance under this context,and reveals the role and impact of the complex political,so...