社会资本影响区域经济增长的机理:基于"织网"模型的分析

社会资本对区域经济增长的影响是通过对区内企业、产业集群及区域整体等三个不同主体的影响发挥作用的。在企业由传统成长模式向网络化成长模式转变，产业集群由聚集经济向创新网络转变，区域由空闻结构向网络社会转变的过程中，社会网络及内含资源起着决定性作用。社会资本对三者的作用体现空间上的层次递进特征，即依循企业、集群、区域三个不同主体网络化递进发展的“织网模型”，依次由“发散状企业网络”向“经纬状集群网络”再向“多构面区域网络”发展的织网过程。社会资本及社会网络对企业的作用是摄取关键资源、信息等；对产业集群的影响是建立学习与创新机制、成本节约机制、形成合作竞争氛围；而对区域的积极意义是保持区域良好的信任文化。

THE MECHANISM FOR SOCIAL CAPITAL INFLUENCE ON THE GROWTH OF REGIONAL ECONOMY:AN ANALYSIS BASED ON "NETWORKING MODEL"

The study of regional economic growth is a subject of significance for promoting regional development and bridging inter-regional gap. Apart from the traditional factors social capital emerges as another important factor which promotes the regional economic growth.Beginning with an analysis of the concept and the fundamental theories of social capital this paper focuses on impacts of social capital on regional economic growth. It holds that social capital primarily influences regional economic growth through its influences on three parties within the region,namely,businesses,industrial clusters and the entire region. social capital plays a different but very important roles whth these three parties. The regional network takes businesses,industrial clusters and other organizations within it as its nodes. Given the current situation that the businesses are moving from traditional to networking in growth pattern,the industrial cluster from cluster economy to innovation network,and region from traditional spatial structure to network society,social capital or social relationship network is decisive in these transformations. Its influence on these three parties is spatially progressing. Based on the above understanding,this paper proposes the "networking model" for the progression among the three parties,During the course of the first-stage networking,one or more core enterprises have achieved network structural resources and network information,which make up for their deficiency. The enterprises then develop much more rapidly. As a result,the industrial clusters come into being. The second-stage networking mainly takes place between different organic units within the clusters focusing on the leading industries. It spreads in the form of grids. The mechanism of mutual trust and reciprocity is established within the network members and the cost is reduced. Knowledge accumulation and innovation effect are evidently increased. The development of cluster demands the coordination from the government through administrative power so as to collocate resources and seek for market in a larger scale. Therefore,the third-stage networking is even larger in scale and its organic units are more diversified. In this way,a multidimensional regional network is formulated.