城市尺度人居环境质量评价研究-以南京市为例

人居环境是人类生存和发展的基础,也是衡量人类社会进步与文化发展的重要标识。文章对人居环境的相关概念进行了分析与探讨,在人居环境尺度链中选择城市尺度作为研究层次,采用人居环境质量主客观评价结合模型,构建城市尺度人居环境建设水平的评价体系,以南京市区为例,对人居环境的客观建设水平和居民满意度进行评价,并对评价结果进行了分析。

QUALITY EVALUATION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS IN A CITY SCALE--A CASE STUDY ON NANJING CITY

Human settlements are the base for human existence and development. Their quality is not only directly related to human health, but also an important sign of society improvement and cultural development. This paper uses some associated methods of qualitative and quantitative, statistic and investigation, subjective and objective, and systematic analysis to study and analyze the theory, method and example of human settlements. The concept of human settlements has been analyzed from different aspects including space scale, implied meaning and system constitution. Some concepts related to quality of human settlements are discussed. Based on the generalized human settlement theories mentioned above, the paper chooses the scale of city from the scale-chain of human settlements, establishes evaluation model of quality of human settlements in scale of city, and analyzes the evaluation method of residential satisfaction of human settlements. This paper introduces general evaluation indexes systems of human settlements construction level in scale of city that includes the grade of system, the grade of subsystem, the grade of classify and the grade of indexes, and the grade of subsystem include network subsystem, nature subsystem, architecture subsystem and society subsystem. Taking Nanjing city as a case study, the paper establishes an evaluating indicator system of human settlement construction level, and designs questionnaire of residential satisfaction. Then statistic and investigative data about the quality of human settlements of Nanjing city have been analyzed. The result show:①The construction level of every subsystem of human settlements is improved year after year in Nanjing; ②The development of construction level is different. They are improved alternately. The network subsystem exceed others subsystem and become the most satisfactory subsystem in 2001, but the improving of the nature subsystem and society subsystem of construction level almost is stagnancy in recent; ③The network subsystem is the most satisfaction, the nature subsystem is the second satisfaction, and the architecture subsystem is the most dissatisfied.④The satisfaction to human settlements is under the subsystem of human settlements, the satisfaction of architecture subsystem is low further construction level, and the satisfaction of the network subsystem and nature subsystem is equal to the construction level.