高句丽青铜器及冶铸遗物的检测分析与探讨

高句丽为古代东北地区的一个地方政权,公元前37年(汉建昭二年)建都至公元668年(唐高宗总章元年)灭亡,经历七百余年。多年来,考古发掘出土了高句丽时期的青铜容器、兵器、青铜铃等多种类型的器物。对于高句丽铜器、青铜器展开了一系列器物类型学的考证。而高句丽人是否拥有独立的铜冶炼以及加工的能力,一直是考古学家和冶金史学家十分关注的问题。本研究以科技手段揭示冶铸遗物及铜器、青铜器的内涵,对于探讨高句丽青铜冶铸业的发展状况及高句丽经济发展水平具有重要的意义。

Analysis and investigation of Gaogouli bronzes and smelting relics

The Gaogouli was an ancient local regime of the Northeastern China established in 37 B.C.(the West Han Dynasty) and was destroyed in 668 A.D. (Tang Dynasty).The regime lasted more than 700 years. Many vessels, weapons and other categories of bronzes have been excavated and collected. Whether or not the Gaogouli people independently smelted and cast bronze objects is a problem that has puzzled archaeologists and archaeometallurgists. All research on Gaogouli bronzes has focused on archaeological typology, but the technological details contained in these artifacts has not been revealed. This paper describes studies microstructure and technological characteristics of some ancient Gaogouli bronzes using metallographic methods and SEMEDX analysis. The evidence suggests that Gaogouli people could independently smelt copper and cast objects even though no metallurgical ruin has been discovered. The results of the investigation indicate that vessels, axes, mirrors and josses were made of bonze and cast in molds except a brass vessel. Forging was also used to shape copper into desire objects. Some artifacts contain titanium element. These findings provide hints as to the economic development of the Gaogouli people.