孙中山五权宪法思想及其实践

五权宪法思想是孙中山三民主义学说中民权主义的重要组成部分。它的产生是晚清国粹思潮与孙中山对西方政治制度深刻认识相结合的产物。其理论来源是西方资产阶级国家政体分权制衡原则和中国封建政治制度中某些合理性因素，孙中山在革命实践中将其逐步完善，最终形成比较完整的思想体系。孙中山始终不渝地实践着五权宪法，这种实践虽然在小范围内部分地取得了成效，但作为一种完整的整体构想却始终未获成功。孙中山五权宪法思想的提出及其实践是对西方资产阶级三权分立政治思想的重要发展。是中国政治变革史上的一件大事，推动了近代中国民主政治的发展。

Sun Yat-sen's Thought of the Five-power Constitution and Its Practice

The thought of the Five-power Constitution is the important part of Democracy in Sun Yat-sen's ThreePeople's Principles. It results from the combination of the trend of thought in the quintessence of Chinese in Late Qingand Sun's profound understanding of the West's pokutical system. Its theory comes from the capitalistic state's principleof the separation power and balance and some reasonable factor of the Chinese feudal political system. In his revolution-ary practice,Sun improved the theory into a perfect thought system. Sun tried to carry out the thought consistently,andgot effect in a small scope. But the thought had never been practiced successfully system. It is the creation and practice ofthe Five-power Constitution that made the theory of the separate legislative,executive,and judicial branches get impor-tant development. And at the same time,it is an important thing in the history of Chinese political change. Of course,ithad pushed the democracy politics forward in modern China.